نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

چکیده

هدف اصلی مقاله شناسایی ساختار مدیریتی، استراتژی‏ها و فرایند‏های موجود برای ارائه خدمات آموزش عالی به افراد دارای نیازهای آموزشی ویژه است. در این پژوهش از روش مطالعه موردی که یکی از انواع روش تحقیق کیفی است استفاده شده است؛ سه دانشگاه از نظر ارائه خدمات به دانشجویان با نیازهای ویژه شناسایی و دانشگاه آتاباسکا از کشور کانادا با توجه به اهداف پژوهش عمیقاً تحلیل شد. از ادبیات پژوهش نیز به عنوان دانش زمینه‏ای‏ برای یافته‏های تحقیق استفاده شده است. ادبیات تحقیق و مطالعه موردی هر دو بر به کارگیری اصول طراحی جهانی برای یادگیری و استفاده از فناوری‏های کمکی برای ارائه خدمات آموزشی به افراد دارای نیازهای آموزشی ویژه تأکید دارند. این پژوهش ضمن معرفی اصول نه گانه طراحی جهانی برای یادگیری و برخی فناوری‏های کمکی، تجارب جهانی را در این زمینه‏ها بررسی می‏نماید. برای معماری مجدد ساختار مدیریتی و فرایند‏های یاددهی- یادگیری آموزش عالی ایران، توجه به اصول طراحی جهانی را در روش‏ها و محتوای آموزش عالی کشور پیشنهاد می‏کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Re-architecting higher education for students with special educational needs according to universal design for learning

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmail Zarei zavaraki
  • Mohammad ali Rostami nezhad
  • Maryam iziy

چکیده [English]

The aim of this paper is identifying existing management structures, strategies and processes available for higher education services for students with special educational needs. The qualitative case study research method has been used. Three university selected according to the research question and Athabasca University from Canada has been selected and analyzed deeply as a case. Literatures have been used as background knowledge for findings. Both, literature and case study are emphasized on applying the principles of universal design for learning and using assistive technology to deliver educational services to students with special educational needs. This study reviewed the nine principles of universal design for learning , some assistive technology and global experience in these fields. At the end for re-architecting teaching - learning process in Iranian higher education the paper highly suggest  to use universal design for learning in educational institute specially higher education institutes. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • educational technology in higher education
  • student with special educational needs
  • Instructional design
  • universal design for learning
  • assistive technology
 
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) PubUc Law 101-336, U.S. 42 s 12101.
ASD.(2011). Access to Students with Disabilities. Retrieved from:
Athabasca university.(2011). Athabasca university Strategic University Plan.
Beacham,A,N., Alty,J,L.(2006). An investigation into the effects that digital media can have on the learning outcomes of individuals who have dyslexia. Computers & Education 47, 74–93.
Braddock,D., Rizzolo,M,C., Thompson,M., Bell,R.(2004). Emerging Technologies and Cognitive Disability. Journal of Special Education Technology. 19(4).
Cabrillo College.(2011).  Disabled Students Program and Services.  Disabled Students Program and Services. Retrieved from: http://www.cabrillo.edu/services/dsps/.
Center for Applied Special Technology. (2001). Universal design for learning. Retrieved from http://www.cast.org/udl.
Flick, U. (2006) An Introduction to Qualitative Research (3rd ed.). London: Sage.
Hatch,J,A.(2002). Doing qualitative research in education settings. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Howell,C.(2006). Disabled Students and higher education in South Africa. In Brian Watermeyer, Leslie Swartz, Theresa Lorenzo, Marguerite Schneider, Mark Priestley (eds). disability and Social Change A South African agenda. Retrived  January 22, 2011from:http://www.hsrcpress.ac.za/downloadpdf.php?pdffile=files%2FPDF%2F2151%2F05.
Johnson, D. & Fox, J. A. (2003). Creating Curb Cuts in the Classroom: Adapting Universal Design Principles to Education. In J. L. Higbee (Ed.), Curriculum Transformation and Disability: Implementing Universal Design in Higher Education (pp. 7-22). Minneapolis, MN: Center for Research on Developmental Education and Urban Literacy.
Konur,O.(2006). Teaching disabled students in higher Education. Teaching in Higher Education. Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 351-363.
MIT university.(2011). MIT Adaptive Technology Information Center (ATIC). Retrieved from: http://web.mit.edu/atic/www/services/index.html.
Scott, S. S., McGuire, J. M.,&Shaw, S. F. (2003). Universal design for instruction: A new paradigm for adult instruction in postsecondary education. Remedial and Special Education, 24(6), 369–379.
Sparrowhawk,A.,haed,Y.(2007).How to Use ICT to Support Children with Special Educational Needs. Cambridge: LDA.
The Center for Universal Design. (1997). The principles of Universal Design.(Version 2.0) [Brochure]. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University.
Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI).(2008). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. Retrieved from http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/.