نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف پیش‌بینی نشانه‌های سلامتروانی بر اساس تابآوری در خواهران و برادران نوجوان دانشآموزان با کمتوانی ذهنی صورت گرفت. روش پژوهش کاربردی و شیوة انجام دادن آن همبستگی است. جامعة آماری در این پژوهش کلیة خواهران و برادران نوجوان 12-18 ساله دانشآموزان با کمتوانی ذهنی شهر شیراز درسال تحصیلی 91-1390بودند که از بین آنها نمونه ای به حجم 91 نوجوان 12-18 ساله (50 دختر و 41 پسر) که خواهر و برادر با کمتوانی ذهنی داشتند، به روش خوشه‌ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند. از مقیاس تابآوری کانر و دیویدسون برای سنجش تابآوری و از پرسشنامة سلامتروانی عمومی برای سنجش اختلال سلامتروانی استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از رگرسیون چندگانه نشان داد که تابآوری پیش‌بینی کنندة منفی و معنادار نشانه‌های اختلال‌های جسمی، اضطرابی، کارکرد اجتماعی و افسردگی سلامتروانی است (01/0>p). این یافته نشانگر نقش و اهمیت تابآوری بر سلامتروانی خواهران و برادران دانشآموزان با کمتوانی ذهنی است. بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود با طراحی و اجرای برنامه‌های آموزش تابآوری به عنوان یک برنامة پیش‌گیری درجةت افزایش سلامتروانی نوجوانان دارای خواهر یا برادر با کمتوانی ذهنی اقدام شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Prediction of General Mental Health Based on esilience in Adolescent Siblings of Students with Intellectual Disabilities in Shiraz in the Academic Year 2011–2012
نویسندگان [English]
- Setareh Shoja’i
- Ahmad Beh-Pajooh
- Mohsen Shokoohi-yekta
- Baqer Ghobari
چکیده [English]
Objective: This study aims at predicting the general mental health based on resilience in adolescent siblings of students with intellectual disabilities.
Method: The present study is an applied research conducted by correlational methodology. The statistical population of this research includes all the adolescent (12–18 year-old) siblings of students with intellectual disabilities in Shiraz city in the academic year 2011–2012. The sample size is 91 adolescent (50 females and 41 males) siblings selected by random cluster sampling. Conner & Davidson resilience scale was applied to measure the resilience of siblings, and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 28) was used for measuring mental health disorders.
Results: The data were analyzed by using multiple regression test, which show that resilience is a significant negative predictor of symptoms of somatic disorder, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression (p<0/01). These findings are indicative of the role and importance of resilience in mental health of siblings of students with intellectual disabilities. Therefore, in order to increase the mental health of adolescents, who have siblings with intellectual disabilities, resilience training programs should be designed and implemented as a pre-emptive action.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Resilience
- general mental health
- siblings
- students with intellectual disabilities.
|
Aksoy, A. B, Becinyildinim, G (2008). A study of the relationships and acknowledgment of non-disabled children with disabled siblings. Educational Science: Theory and Practice, 8(3).769-779.
Alperstein,G.,& Raman, S.(2003). Promoting mental health and emotional well-being among children and youth: a role for community child health?. Child Care Health, 29(4):269-74.
Bitsika,v., Sharpley. C. F.,& Peters,K.(2010). How is resilience associated with anxiety and depression? Analysis of factor score interactions within a homogeneous sample. German Journal Psychiatry, 13,9-16.
Breedlove,A. (2006). The relationship between resilience and mental health recovery. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of philosophy in psychology in university of Toledo.
Burke,P.(2004). Brothers and Sisters of Children with Disabilities. New York: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Burns, R. A., Fellow, P., Anstey, K.J., Windsor, T.D.(2011). Subjective well-being mediates the effects of resilience and mastery on depression and anxiety in a large community sample of young and middle-aged adults. Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 45(3):240-8.
Carlton, B. S., Goebert, D. A., Miyamoto, R. H., Andrade, N. N., Hishinuma, E. S., Makini, G. K., Yuen, N. Y. C., Bell, C. K., McCubbin, L. D., Else, I. R. N., & Nishimura, S. T. (2006). Adolescents Resilience, family adversity and well-being among Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian adolescents. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 52; 291-297.
Connor, K. M. and Davidson, J. R.T. (2003). Development of a new Resilience Scale: The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety,18,76–82.
Cuskelly M. & Gunn, P. (1993). Maternal reports of behavior of siblings of children with Down syndrome. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 97, 521-529.
Cutuli, J.J. Chaplin, T. M. Gilham, J. E., Reivich, K. J., and Seligman, M.E.P.(2006).Preventing Co-Occurring Depression Symptoms in Adolescents with Conduct Problems.The Penn Resiliency Program. New York Academy of Sciences, 1094: 282–286.
Dumont,M.,&Provost,M.A.(1999). Resilience in Adolescents: Protective Role of Social Support, Coping Strategies, Self-Esteem, and Social Activities on Experience of Stress and Depression. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 28(3),243-263.
Dykens, E. M. (2005). Happiness, well-being, and character strengths: Outcomes for families and siblings of persons with mental retardation. Mental Retardation, 43(5), 360 - 364.
Fisman, S., Wolf, L., Ellison, D., Gillis, B., Freeman, T. & Szatmari, P. (1996). Risk and Protective Factors Affecting with Adjustment of siblings of children with chronic disabilities. Journal of American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35 (11), 1532-1541.
Gillham, J.E., Reivich, K.J., Freres, D.R., Chaplin, T.M., Shatté, A.J., Samuels, B.,Elkon, A.G.L., Litzinger, S., Lascher, M., Gallop, R., & Seligman, M.E.P. (2007). School-based prevention of depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled study of the effectiveness and specificity of the Penn Resiliency Program. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75, 9-19.
Gitterman, A. & Germain, C.B. (2008).The life model of social work practice. New York: Columbia University Press.
Grant, G., Ramcharan, P. and Flynn, M.( 2007). Resilience in Families with Children and Adult Members with Intellectual Disabilities: Tracing Elements of A Psycho-Social Model. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20, 563–575.
Grotberg, H. (2003).A Guide to Promoting Resilience in Children: Strengthening the Human Spirit. Early Childhood Development,14( 5), 573–584
Gutjahr, A. R. (2007). Child Resilience Program: An Intervention for Children of Chronically Mentally Ill Parents. A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Psychology At the School of Psychology, Spalding University.
Hannah, M.E. & Midlarsky, E.(1999). Competence and adjustment of siblings with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 104 (1), 22-37.
Hjemdal, O., Vogel, P. A., Solem, S., Hagen, K.,& Stiles, T.C.(2011).The relationship between resilience and levels of anxiety, depression, and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in adolescents. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,18(4),314–32.
Houtzager, B. A., Grootenhuis, M.A., Caron, H.N., & Last, B.F.(2005). Sibling self-report, parental proxies, and quality of life: The importance of multiple informants for siblings of a critically ill child. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 22(1), 25-40.
Massad, S.G.(2008).Nutrition, mental health related of Quality of life of Palestinian preschoolers resilience and vulnerability. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of philosophy in university of Wisconsin.
Patterson J. (2002) Integrating family resilience and family stress theory. Journal of Marriage and the Family , 349–60.
Prince-Embury, S. (2008). The Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents, Psychological Symptoms, and Clinical Status in Adolescents. Canadian Journal of School Psychology,23,1, 41- 56.
Rose, H., Miller,L.,Martinez,Y.(2010).Friends for Life": The Results of a Resilience-Building, Anxiety-Prevention Program in a Canadian Elementary School. Professional School Counseling,12( 6), 400-407.
Salehi Nezhad, M.A. Besharat, M. A.(2010). Relations of resilience and hardiness with sport achievement and mental health in a sample of athlete. procedia social and behavioral sciences journal, 5, 757–497.
Savoca MR, Miller CK.(2001). Food selection and eating patterns: themes found among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Nutrition Education,33,224-233.
Sharpe, D. & Rossiter, L., (2002). Siblings of Children With a Chronic Illness: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 27(8), 699–710.
Tebes, J. K., Kaufman, J. S,. Adnopoz, J., and Racusin, G.(2001). Resilience and Family Psychosocial Processes Among Children of Parents with Serious Mental Disorders.Journal of Child and Family Studies,10(1), 115–136.
Tugade, M. M.,& Fredrickson, B. L.(2007). Regulation of positive emotions: Emotion regulation strategies that promote resilience. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8,311-333.
Warren Dodd, L.(2004). Supporting the siblings of young children with disabilities. BritishJournal of Special Education,31(1),41-49.
Wekerle,C., Waechter, R.L., Leung,E.,& Leonard,M.(2007). Adolescence: A Window of Opportunity for Positive Change in Mental Health. First Peoples Child & Family Review, 3(2),8-16.
Williams, P.D., Hanson, S., Karlin. R., Ridder, L., Liebergen, A., Olson, J., Barnard, M. U., & Tobin-Rommelhart, S.(1997). Outcomes of a nursing intervention for siblings of chronically ill children: a pilot study. Journal of the Society of Pediatric Nurses, 2(3), 127-37.
Williams, S. L.& Mickelson, K.D.(2004). The Nexus of Domestic Violence and Poverty: Resilience in Women’s Anxiety. Violence Against Women,10(3),283-293.
Wingo, A.P. , Wrenn, G. , Pelletier, T., Gutman, A. R., Bradley, B. & Ressler, K. J.(2010). Moderating effects of resilience on depression in individuals with a history of childhood abuse or trauma exposure. Journal of Affective Disorders, 126(3),411-414.
|
)